Landscapes of La Gomera
La Gomera, Canary Islands
"The first time I visited the island I had the impression that it was made up of four worlds, enclosed one within the other, and that reaching the deepest one was like reaching the heart of a living being.”
Mª Eugenia Arozena
Key points about La Gomera
A unique heritage that comes from far away. A natural and cultural heritage that cannot be missed.
The island is a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve.
Surface area
The island's total surface area is 376 km². 10% is a national park.
From end to end, it is 22 kilometres long, almost a perfect circumference.
There are islands with a very similar surface area in Denmark, Greece, the United Kingdom, France, Bangladesh and South Korea.
The coast
The coast covers 100 km and is accessible to the public. It is cliff-lined and dotted with black sand beaches or small pebbles, and others that are inaccessible from land. Organs, reefs, shallows, caves, pools, cliffs, the rock inside and the rock outside, all of these forms are found on the Gomera coast.
The depth of the sea
The depth of the sea reaches 2.000 metres. The sea defines the island and tirelessly sculpts it, modelling its unique and powerful forms.
The highest point on the island
The highest point on the island is Alto de Garajonay at 1,478 meters. For the ancient inhabitants this was a sacred place. In it, a complex network of Aras de Sacrificio was located, a spectacular set of altars that gives it greater importance than the others that dot the island, lined up on hills and erected on mountains and rocks everywhere.
Roads and paths were the ancient highways
The island network of trails is a visual and panoramic spectacle that runs through all the island landscapes. There are 600 kilometers of marked routes that cross the island with different gradients, difficulties and altitudes.
More information : www.lagomera.travel/senderismo-la-gomera/
The last volcano
The last volcano is in the south of the island and is known as La Caldera. It is a protected natural space and is located in the Alajeró area. It is the only recognizable volcanic cone, not yet dismantled by erosion.
Streams
Seeing water running all year round is very difficult. In the Canary Islands there are only about 15 kilometers of water currents, of which 4 kilometers are in the laurel forest of La Gomera. They are the streams of El Cedro, Meriga and El Rejo.
Ephemeral, occasional, rain and irrigation waterfalls
The island's ravines turn into waterfalls when the rain gets worse. La Vica in Agulo and Chorro del Cedro are two of the most striking. Other more serene jumps are those of the dams when the water overflows from their front or spillways. Within the national park, the best waterfalls are on Route 15 “La Meseta de Hermigua”.
The sea of clouds is vital for the island
The sea of clouds is vital for the island, the drinking water, the vegetation and the population. It is a natural phenomenon that is seen when the clouds form like a sea that extends horizontally between the mountains and valleys. It is created when the trade winds condense their humidity at a certain altitude (between 500-1,500 meters), which is why it only occurs on the northern side of the islands with greater relief. Below the clouds the weather is humid and with a feeling of fog and rain. Above, the sun is shining and the sky is clear.
Water
Garajonay is the great regulator of the water cycle on the island. Conserving the mountain and protecting it as a national park is essential to have water on La Gomera.
Forest
A large part of Garajonay's surface is covered by lush evergreen forests that contrast with the dominant aridity. Garajonay is the largest and best preserved forest in the Canarian Monteverde. Only here is it possible to guess what these jungles were like before the arrival of humans to the islands.
Canarian palm tree
It is estimated that there are about 116.330 palms on the island. In the Canary Islands there are almost 543.000 palm trees (Phoenix canariensis). In La Gomera palm trees are called "palmas". The female specimens are called "palma" and the male specimens are called "palmón". The term "penca" is used to name the leaf. There are multiple toponyms linked to the palm tree: palmar, palmita/s, el palmón, palmeros, palmas, palmeral, palmarejo. There are no known toponyms with the term “Las Palmeras”.
Guarapo
The palm was and is very important for the island, which is why there is a palm culture that knows how to take advantage of its different components and resources. Currently, the manual extraction of guarapo (the sap of the palm tree) to make honey or palm syrup stands out. Of course, the palm tree does not die, it resprouts at the end of the guarapeo. Both obtaining guarapo and producing palm honey require skill, knowledge and a lot of technique. The guarapeadas palms are observed only during certain months of the year and are almost all over the island. Different local factories produce honey or palm syrup that make it available to locals and foreigners.
More information: www.casa-de-la-miel-de-palma.negocio.site
Gomerian sabinar forest
It is very easy to discover the gomerian sabina (savin) forest in the north of the island since it is the largest in the Canary Islands. Its fruits need to pass through the stomach of some birds such as the crow or the blackbird to be at their optimal germination level. Sabina flakes are traditionally used in the bonfires of San Marcos, in Agulo. Its unmistakable aroma floats through the town on the eve of the patron saint. Long before, the flakes were placed on the roofs of houses that were made of stone, clay and wood, tools, implements and furniture were made as it was a resistant and attractive wood. The sabina is a relative of the juniper, both come from the genus Juniperus. Sabina berries give gin its characteristic flavor.
Canyons
They characterize the general appearance of the island. They are the product of constant erosion, without respite. It is a basin with several kilometers of route that flows into the sea. If a ravine is very wide and is perceived as superior to others, it can be considered a valley. A distinction that has led to the emergence of current place names such as Vallehermoso or Valle Gran Rey. Or less used toponymy such as Valle de Hermigua, Valle de Benchijigua or El Valle de Alojera.
How many curves does the island have?
They are incalculable and infinite. They begin and end without ever beginning or ending.
Where did the ancient inhabitants of the island come from?
They came from North Africa, they were people of Berber origin of medium height, agile and with a strong build. Its economy was based on livestock and to a lesser extent agriculture, complemented by the collection of plant and marine products. Of our ancestors, the ancient Gomeras, there are traces in the territory that archeology recomposes and interprets to know what they were like, of their gods and rites, of their dwelling, of their habits and origins, of their survival in us.
More information www.museo.lagomera.es
The patron saint of the island
The patron saint of the island is the Virgin of Guadalupe and her hermitage is in Puntallana. Guadalupe is also the patron saint of Mexico and Extremadura (Spain).
Clay crafts
The porcelain tradition in La Gomera dates back to Aboriginal times. Currently the only pottery center on the island is in El Cercado. A clay craft made without a wheel that is raised entirely by hand. Before baking, the pieces are bathed in meager, a special red-colored earth known as almagre that gives the surface of the earthenware a reddish color. Traditionally it was a women's job.
More information www.lasloceras.com
The rubber drum
In any game of the Tambor de La Gomera, the romance is a story sung a thousand times and that comes to life in each twist of the tune. Drums, chácaras and romances float through the air and take us to a trance on the roads, towns and squares. The drum came down from the mountain and resonates yesterday, today and tomorrow. It is danced, sung and played.
Silbo Gomero (Whistle)
A cultural icon that clearly shows the relationship of the inhabitants with their steep and rugged land. The Gomero whistle is a long-distance language transmission system using whistles in order to facilitate communication. Vowels and consonants are replaced by whistles and all types of messages can be transmitted. It has been Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO since 2009.
More information www.asociacionsilbogomero.org